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Count Moritz and Moricsala

Moricsala is an island in Lake Usma, located in the Moricsala Nature Reserve and is the oldest protected nature area in Latvia. The island got its name after the fortification of the Saxon Moritz on the island in 1727.

In 1726, at the insistence of Anna Joanovna, the widow of the Duke of Courland, the Landtag of Courland elected Saxon Moritz, the son of August II, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, as duke, but this was not in the interests of the Russian Empire.

In 1727, General Pēteris Lassi arrived from Riga in Jelgava with 3 infantry and 2 cavalry regiments and Morics was forced to flee the city and on August 8 with a unit of soldiers loyal to him to fortify himself on the Fish Island of Lake Usma. He has armed about 600 farmers to fortify and defend the island. On August 18, 1727, Moritz issued a summons stating that foreign forces had entered the duchy illegally, and urging the population to take up arms and join him on an island in Lake Usma. The call had no effect. Seeing no other way out, Moritz asked the Russians to resign with honor and take out their belongings and weapons for 10 days, but received only 24 hours instead. His guards (12 officers, 33 servants, 98 dragoons and 104 infantry) were taken captive by the Russians along with 9 cannons.

It is not known under what circumstances Moric managed to escape from Lake Usma. According to one of the legends, on August 19, he swam one by one on horseback, and after another, he crossed the lake. Another legend tells that Morics went to Ventspils in disguise as a coach. In Ventspils, Moritz sat on a ship and went to Danzig, from where he wrote a letter of complaint to the new emperor of the Russian Empire, Peter II, but it did not yield any results, so Moritz returned to France.

Saxon Moritz, also Saxon Moritz (German: Moritz Graf von Sachsen; born 28 October 1696, died 20 November 1750), was the illegitimate son of Augustus II, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, who for a short time from 1726 until August 1728 (election was canceled in October 1726) he was elected Duke of Courland. He later became Marshal of France.

Moritz of Saxony was born on October 28, 1696 in Goslar. He was the illegitimate child of August II, King of the Polish-Lithuanian Union and Elector of Saxony, and his favorite Maria Aurora of Königsmark. He was the first of eight Augustus II extramarital children to be recognized, although up to 354 Augustus II extramarital children were mentioned in various sources.

In 1698, his mother sent him to Warsaw with his father, who had just been elected king of Poland. However, due to the unstable political situation in the country, he was forced to stay outside Poland most of the time. This made him quite independent and is believed to have had a positive impact on his military career later on. At the age of 12, he joined the service of Prince Eugene of Savoy, where he participated in the siege of Tournai and Mons, as well as in the Battle of Malplac. There were plans to send him to a Jesuit college in Brussels, but his mother objected.

During the Great Northern War, he served in the service of Peter I and fought against the Swedes. In 1711, August II officially recognized Moritz as his son and awarded him the title of Count. After the end of the war in 1726, the Landtag of Courland elected Saxon Count Moritz as the duke by insistent election of the Duchess's widow Anna Ioanovna, although the Duchy's regent Ferdinand Kettler stayed in Danzig. Moritz promised to marry the duke's widow, but it was not in Russia's interest. General Pēteris Lassi arrived from Jelgava with soldiers and Morics was forced to flee the city and fortify himself on the island of Lake Usma, which is now called Moricsala. After the siege, the soldiers of the island of Morica surrendered and he left Kurzeme.

Moritz went to France, where he became a lieutenant general in 1736, and in 1741, in the war of inheritance of the Austrian throne, he occupied Prague. In 1744 he led a French crusade to Flanders, in 1745 defeated the English near Brussels, and in 1746 was appointed Marshal of France, in 1747 commander of the French conquered Netherlands.

The granddaughter of Saxon Moritz is the French writer Georges Sanda.

Amandine Aurora Lucile Dupin (French: Amandine Aurore Lucile Dupin, Baroness Dudevant, better known by the pseudonym George Sand, July 1, 1804 - June 8, 1876) was a French writer representing Romanticism. .

Born in Paris in 1804 as Aurora Dipena. Granddaughter of Saxon Morica. After her father's death in 1808, she lived with her father's mother in Noah's Castle in central France. Here she got to know rural life and people. She also often described the simple but real rural poetry of this area in her works (especially in the novel The Little Fadette).

From 1817 to 1820, Aurora attended a convent school. In 1821, her grandmother died and Aurora inherited her property. He married Baron Didevan, but in 1831 divorced his husband and went to Paris with his daughter Solanz. There she began her literary work and adopted the pseudonym George Sand.

Georges Sand's works are associated with sincerity and a rich world of feelings. Her work is romantic and lyrical. Her characters come from everyday life, but the writer's imagination is idealized. George Sand's literary work is divided into 3 periods:

  1. Romance and lyricism novels full of passion, in which women's rights are defended ("Indiana", "Valentine");

  2. Revolutionary novels that oppose the absence of their era or romantic social novels ("Consuela", "Countess Von Rudoltshate");

  3. Novels depicting a rural idyll ("Little Fadet").

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